feat(acms): add context strategy registry with plugin discovery #565
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aditya (Aditya Chhabra)
aleenaumair (Aleena Umair)
brent.edwards (Brent Edwards)
CoreRasurae (Luis Mendes)
drew (Drew Morris)
eugen.thaci (Eugen Thaci)
freemo (Jeffrey Phillips Freeman)
HAL9000 (HAL 9000)
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hamza.khyari (Hamza Khyari)
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#191 feat(acms): add context strategy registry
cleveragents/cleveragents-core
Reference: cleveragents/cleveragents-core#565
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Summary
Implements the ACMS context strategy registry with plugin discovery, enabling extensible context assembly strategies within the ACMS pipeline. Per spec §25162–25233, §28682–28708, §42628–42653, and §43167–43199.
Changes
Domain Models (
src/cleveragents/domain/models/acms/strategy.py)ContextStrategyprotocol defining the strategy interface (name,capabilities,can_handle,execute,explain)StrategyCapabilitiesmodel with supported resource types and backend requirementsBackendSet,PlanContext,StrategyConfigconfiguration modelsContextStrategyResultwith deterministic fragment ordering (-relevance_score,uko_node)MappingProxyTypeforStrategyConfig.extraandContextStrategyResult.stats(ADR-004 immutability)Built-in Stub Strategies (
src/cleveragents/domain/models/acms/strategy_stubs.py)simple-keyword,semantic-embedding,breadth-depth-navigator,arce,temporal-archaeology,plan-decision-context@functools.cached_propertyfor capabilities (avoids per-access Pydantic allocation)Strategy Registry (
src/cleveragents/application/services/strategy_registry.py)StrategyRegistrywithregister(),register_from_module()(plugin discovery),enable()/disable()threading.RLockfor thread safety on all public methodsallowed_module_prefixesallowlist for dynamic import security (CWE-706)Documentation (
docs/reference/context_strategies.md)Tests
features/context_strategy_registry.feature)robot/context_strategy_registry.robot)benchmarks/context_strategy_bench.py)Closes #191
feat(acms): add context strategy registry with plugin discovery (#191)to feat(acms): add context strategy registry with plugin discovery@hamza.khyari — This PR has no milestone assigned, no labels, and a merge conflict with master. I've added
State/In Review,Priority/Low,Type/Featurelabels and assigned it to milestone v3.5.0.Action required: Please rebase this branch (
feature/m6-acms-strategy-registry) onto the latest master to resolve the merge conflict. The ACMS v1 pipeline (#188) has since merged, which likely caused the conflict. If this PR has been superseded by other work, please close it with an explanation.This is blocking the strategy registry work item (#191) which is on the M5 critical path.
2ebce4da56to1942b9ef6a1942b9ef6ato98c1fa3125Code Review — Commit
98c1fa31(feat(acms): add context strategy registry)Reviewer scope: Bug detection, security, performance, thread safety, test quality, and spec conformance against issue #191 and
docs/specification.md.Overall the implementation is well-structured: the domain models, protocol design, and 55 BDD scenarios are thorough. However, I found several issues worth addressing before merge.
1. BUGS
1.1 [HIGH]
register()can raiseAttributeErrorinstead ofStrategyRegistrationErrorFile:
src/cleveragents/application/services/strategy_registry.py:113When
name=None(the default), the code accessesstrategy.namebefore the protocol check at line 121:If a caller passes a non-protocol object without an explicit
name, this raises a rawAttributeErrorrather than the intendedStrategyRegistrationError. The existing test sidesteps this by always passingname="fake". Fix: move theisinstancecheck before the name resolution, or wrapstrategy.nameaccess in a try/except.1.2 [MEDIUM]
temporal-archaeologycan_handleonly checks graph, not cold-tierFile:
src/cleveragents/domain/models/acms/strategy_stubs.py:291-298Spec §25215 / §43193-43195 says this strategy requires Graph + Cold tier. Capabilities correctly declare
uses_graph=True, uses_temporal=True, butcan_handleonly checksbackends.graph is not None. There is no cold-tier check becauseBackendSethas no temporal/cold field (see finding 3.1). The strategy reports confidence 0.5 when only a graph backend exists, even if no cold-tier data is available.1.3 [MEDIUM]
plan-decision-contextcan_handleunconditionally returns 0.7File:
src/cleveragents/domain/models/acms/strategy_stubs.py:347-353Spec §43197-43199 says this strategy "operates on warm/cold tiers", yet
can_handlenever inspects backend availability at all. Every other strategy properly degrades to 0.0 when its required backends are missing; this one does not. The comment says "reads from warm/cold tiers" but there is no tier-availability check.2. SPEC DEVIATIONS
2.1 [MEDIUM] Default enabled list — spec internal conflict
Spec §25223 lists 4 strategies in the default enabled config:
Spec §28682 (config key table) lists 3:
The implementation follows §28682 (3 strategies,
arceexcluded). The spec has an internal inconsistency — this should be clarified with the spec author and the decision documented.2.2 [MEDIUM] Custom strategy module path format diverges from spec
Spec §25226 shows custom strategy registration using dot notation:
The implementation's
register_from_modulerequires colon notation:These formats are incompatible. If a user follows the spec's TOML example,
register_from_modulewill reject it. Note the spec's own pipeline component format at §25232 uses colons ("my_extensions.scorers:DomainAwareScorer"), so the spec itself is inconsistent — but the strategy registration example uses dots.3. DESIGN GAPS
3.1 [MEDIUM]
BackendSetlacks temporal/cold-tier fieldFile:
src/cleveragents/domain/models/acms/strategy.py:35-58BackendSetmodelstext,vector, andgraphbut has no field for temporal/cold-tier backends. Two of six strategies (temporal-archaeology,plan-decision-context) declareuses_temporal=Truein capabilities, but there is no way to verify temporal backend availability. This is the root cause of bugs 1.2 and 1.3.3.2 [LOW]
update_config()doesn't exposeresource_typesorextraFile:
src/cleveragents/application/services/strategy_registry.py:324-374StrategyConfighasresource_typesandextrafields, butupdate_config()only acceptsenabled,timeout_seconds,max_fragments,max_workers, andcircuit_breaker_threshold. There is no way to update those fields through the public API.4. SECURITY
4.1 [MEDIUM]
register_from_module— arbitrary code execution via dynamic import (CWE-706)File:
src/cleveragents/application/services/strategy_registry.py:186Semgrep flagged
importlib.import_module(module_name)as CWE-706. Module-level code runs on import,__init__runs on instantiation — both are arbitrary code execution vectors. The docstring has a security note, which is good, but there is no enforcement: no allowlist of permitted module prefixes, no namespace restriction. Consider adding a configurable allowlist or restricting to known package namespaces.4.2 [LOW] Mutable dicts on frozen Pydantic models violate ADR-004
Files:
strategy.py:244(StrategyConfig.extra),strategy.py:293(ContextStrategyResult.stats)Both are
dict[str, Any]onfrozen=Truemodels. Pydantic'sfrozenprevents attribute reassignment but not dict mutation (config.extra["key"] = "value"succeeds). If ADR-004 immutability is a hard requirement, these should usetypes.MappingProxyTypeor a frozen representation.5. PERFORMANCE
5.1 [MEDIUM]
capabilitiesproperty creates a new Pydantic model on every accessFile:
src/cleveragents/domain/models/acms/strategy_stubs.py(all 6 classes)Every stub constructs a fresh
StrategyCapabilitiesPydantic model on each.capabilitiesaccess:This property is also called inside
can_handle()(self.capabilities.quality_score), so everycan_handleinvocation triggers Pydantic model construction + validation. Spec target is < 20ms for all strategycan_handlechecks combined (§43253). With 6 strategies, that is 12+ Pydantic allocations per polling cycle.Fix: Use
functools.cached_propertyor store as a class-level constant.6. THREAD SAFETY
6.1 [MEDIUM]
StrategyRegistryhas no synchronization for concurrent accessFile:
src/cleveragents/application/services/strategy_registry.py:77-81The registry uses plain
dictandlistfor internal state with no locking. Other services in the same package usethreading.Lock(semantic_validation_service.py:210) orthreading.RLock(autonomy_guardrail_service.py:59). The spec describes strategies being executed in parallel (§42636). If the registry is a shared singleton, concurrent reads during parallel strategy execution could race with configuration updates.7. TEST QUALITY
7.1 [LOW] Tests access private
_enabled_orderattributeFile:
features/steps/context_strategy_registry_steps.py(step_given_stale_enabled)This couples the test to the internal data structure. If the enabled-order tracking changes, this test breaks silently. A public test-helper method or factory would be more robust.
7.2 [LOW] No test for
register(non_protocol_obj)without explicit nameBug 1.1 has no test coverage.
step_when_register_non_protocolalways passesname="fake", so thestrategy.nameaccess on line 113 is never exercised with a non-protocol object that lacks.name.7.3 [LOW] No concurrent access tests
Given finding 6.1, there are no tests exercising the registry under concurrent reads/writes.
Summary Table
register()raisesAttributeErrorinstead ofStrategyRegistrationErrortemporal-archaeologydoesn't verify cold-tier availabilityplan-decision-contextnever degrades — returns 0.7 unconditionallyarce)BackendSetmissing temporal/cold fieldupdate_config()doesn't exposeresource_types/extraregister_from_moduledynamic import with no allowlist (CWE-706)capabilitiescreates new Pydantic model on every access_enabled_orderThe highest-priority items are bug 1.1 (wrong exception type — easy fix), perf 5.1 (easy fix with
cached_property), and the spec deviations 2.1/2.2 (need spec-author clarification).@@ -0,0 +212,4 @@def assemble(self,request: ContextRequest,[TEST - LOW] Directly accessing the private
_enabled_orderattribute couples this test to the internal implementation. If the enabled-order tracking mechanism changes, this test breaks silently. Consider adding a public test-helper method onStrategyRegistry(e.g.,_inject_stale_entry_for_test()) or a factory that produces a registry in this state.@@ -0,0 +76,4 @@def __init__(self) -> None:"""Initialize an empty registry."""self._strategies: dict[str, ContextStrategy] = {}[THREAD SAFETY - MEDIUM] These three plain
dict/listfields have no synchronization. Other services in the same package (e.g.,autonomy_guardrail_service.py,semantic_validation_service.py) usethreading.Lockorthreading.RLock. Since the spec describes parallel strategy execution (§42636), this registry will likely be a shared singleton accessed from multiple threads. Consider adding athreading.RLockto protect mutation methods (register,unregister,set_enabled,update_config,clear).@@ -0,0 +110,4 @@already registered, or the strategy doesn't satisfythe ``ContextStrategy`` protocol."""name = name or strategy.name[BUG - HIGH] When
name=None(default) and the passed object is not aContextStrategy, this line accessesstrategy.namebefore the protocol check at line 121. If the object lacks a.nameattribute, this raisesAttributeErrorinstead ofStrategyRegistrationError.Fix: Move the
isinstance(strategy, ContextStrategy)check before this line, or wrap thestrategy.nameaccess in a try/except that converts toStrategyRegistrationError.@@ -0,0 +183,4 @@module_name, class_name = module_path.rsplit(":", 1)try:module = importlib.import_module(module_name)[SECURITY - MEDIUM] CWE-706:
importlib.import_module()with a runtime-determined string executes arbitrary module-level code on import. The docstring warning is good, but there is no enforcement — no allowlist of permitted module prefixes or namespace restriction.Consider adding a configurable allowlist (e.g., only
cleveragents.*modules or explicitly configured trusted namespaces) to prevent loading untrusted code from user-supplied TOML configs.@@ -0,0 +32,4 @@# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------class BackendSet(BaseModel, frozen=True):[DESIGN - MEDIUM]
BackendSetonly modelstext,vector, andgraph. There is no field for temporal/cold-tier backends. Two of six strategies (temporal-archaeology,plan-decision-context) declareuses_temporal=Truein capabilities but have no way to verify temporal backend availability via this model. This is the root cause of thecan_handlebugs in those two strategies. Consider adding atemporalorcoldbackend field.@@ -0,0 +241,4 @@default=(),description="Resource types this strategy is limited to (empty = all)",)extra: dict[str, Any] = Field([SECURITY - LOW / ADR-004]
extra: dict[str, Any]on afrozen=Truemodel can still be mutated via dict operations (config.extra["key"] = "value"succeeds). Pydantic'sfrozenonly prevents attribute reassignment, not deep mutation. Same issue exists forContextStrategyResult.statsat line 293. If ADR-004 immutability is a hard requirement, considertypes.MappingProxyTypeor a frozen representation.@@ -0,0 +52,4 @@return "simple-keyword"@propertydef capabilities(self) -> StrategyCapabilities:[PERF - MEDIUM] This constructs a new
StrategyCapabilitiesPydantic model on every property access. Sincecan_handle()readsself.capabilities.quality_score, eachcan_handlecall allocates and validates a Pydantic instance. With 6 strategies and a spec target of < 20ms total for allcan_handlechecks (§43253), this is wasteful.Fix: Use
functools.cached_propertyto compute once and cache:This applies to all 6 stub strategy classes.
@@ -0,0 +293,4 @@request: ContextRequest,backends: BackendSet,) -> float:if backends.graph is not None:[BUG - MEDIUM] Spec §25215 / §43193-43195 says
temporal-archaeologyrequires Graph + Cold tier. Capabilities correctly declareuses_temporal=True, butcan_handleonly checksbackends.graph. The root cause is thatBackendSethas no temporal/cold field — but this means the strategy reports 0.5 confidence even when cold-tier data is unavailable, which could lead to it being selected and then failing at assembly time.@@ -0,0 +350,4 @@backends: BackendSet,) -> float:# Works even without graph; reads from warm/cold tiers.return self.capabilities.quality_score[BUG - MEDIUM] This unconditionally returns 0.7 regardless of backend/tier availability. Spec §43197-43199 says this strategy "operates on warm/cold tiers", yet it never checks whether those tiers are available. Every other strategy degrades to 0.0 when its required backends are missing; this one does not. This could cause the strategy to be selected when it has no data source to read from.
98c1fa3125to09e3c18aba09e3c18abatocf622c8cd6Review Response — All 14 Findings Addressed
Thanks for the thorough review, @CoreRasurae. All findings have been addressed in commit
cf622c8c. Here's the breakdown:1. BUGS
1.1 [HIGH]
register()guard ordering — Fixed. Moved theisinstance(strategy, ContextStrategy)check beforestrategy.nameaccess. Usestype(strategy).__name__as fallback label in the error message when the object has no.nameattribute.1.2 [MEDIUM]
temporal-archaeologycan_handlemissing cold-tier check — Fixed.can_handlenow checksbackends.graph is not None and backends.temporal is not None, returning 0.0 if either is absent. See also 3.1 below for theBackendSet.temporalfield.1.3 [MEDIUM]
plan-decision-contextunconditional 0.7 — Fixed.can_handlenow checksbackends.temporal is not None, returning 0.0 otherwise. Added regression tests for both the degraded (0.0) and happy (0.7) paths.2. SPEC DEVIATIONS
2.1 [MEDIUM] Default enabled list conflict (§25223 vs §28682) — Documented. Added a comment in
strategy_stubs.pyexplaining the contradiction and the rationale for following §28682 (3 strategies). ARCE requires all 3 backends, so excluding it from defaults is defensible for minimal deployments.2.2 [MEDIUM] Colon vs dot notation — Documented. Added a
Note:section in theregister_from_moduledocstring explaining that §25226 (dot) and §25232 (colon) are inconsistent within the spec, and we chose colon notation because it unambiguously separates module from class name, matching Python entry-point conventions.3. DESIGN GAPS
3.1 [MEDIUM]
BackendSetmissing temporal field — Fixed. Addedtemporal: object | None = Field(default=None)toBackendSet. This unblocks thecan_handlechecks in 1.2 and 1.3. Typed asobject | Noneas a placeholder until aTemporalBackendprotocol is defined.3.2 [LOW]
update_config()missingresource_types/extra— Fixed. Added both parameters toupdate_config(). New BDD scenarios verify thatresource_typesis persisted correctly and thatextrais wrapped inMappingProxyTypefor immutability.4. SECURITY
4.1 [MEDIUM] No import allowlist (CWE-706) — Fixed. Added
allowed_module_prefixesconstructor parameter (default("cleveragents.",)) with a check beforeimportlib.import_module(). Module paths not matching any allowed prefix raiseStrategyRegistrationErrorwith a clear message.4.2 [LOW] Mutable dicts on frozen models — Fixed.
StrategyConfig.extraandContextStrategyResult.statschanged fromdict[str, Any]toMappingProxyType[str, Any], withfield_validator(mode="before")to coerce incoming plain dicts.model_config = ConfigDict(arbitrary_types_allowed=True)added to both models.5. PERFORMANCE
5.1 [MEDIUM]
capabilitiesproperty allocates on every access — Fixed. All 6 stubs changed from@propertyto@functools.cached_property. The Pydantic model is constructed once per instance and cached in__dict__thereafter.6. THREAD SAFETY
6.1 [MEDIUM] No synchronization — Fixed. Added
threading.RLocktoStrategyRegistry.__init__. All mutation methods (register,set_enabled,update_config,unregister,clear) and all query methods (get,get_entry,list_all,list_enabled,list_builtin,validate_registry,is_registered,__contains__,__len__) are wrapped withwith self._lock:. RLock chosen over Lock to support nested calls (e.g.,update_config→get_entry).7. TEST QUALITY
7.1 [LOW] Private
_enabled_orderaccess — Fixed. Addedinject_stale_enabled_entry()as a public test helper onStrategyRegistry. The step now uses the public helper instead of reaching into internals. Added tovulture_whitelist.py.7.2 [LOW] Missing test for bug 1.1 — Fixed. New scenario: "Reject non-protocol object without explicit name" exercises
register(object())without a name parameter, assertingStrategyRegistrationError.7.3 [LOW] No concurrent tests — Fixed. New scenario: "Concurrent register and list_enabled do not raise" uses 10 threads with a
Barrierfor synchronized start. Post-condition assertions verify the registry contains all expected strategies (6 builtins + 4 thread-registered) and that every thread-registered name is present.Additional Changes (self-review)
During self-review, found and fixed 3 additional issues:
is_registered(),__contains__(), and__len__()were readingself._strategieswithout the lock — now all three acquireself._lockMappingProxyTypefield validator tests (plain dict coercion, non-dict rejection)update_configtests for the newresource_typesandextraparametersTest count: 72 scenarios, 0 failed. Lint, typecheck, and vulture all pass.
Review: feat(acms): add context strategy registry with plugin discovery
Reviewed per
docs/development/review_playbook.md. Routing: domain models & services → primary Luis, secondary Jeff.Luis's prior
REQUEST_CHANGESreview appears fully addressed — all 14 findings have been resolved. Nice work on the CWE-706 allowlist for dynamic imports and the clean separation betweenContextStrategyprotocol andStrategyRegistryEntrymetadata.P1:must-fix —
set_enabled()does not reject duplicate namesset_enabled()acceptsnames: list[str]and assignsself._enabled_order = list(names)directly. If the caller passes["a", "b", "a"], theenabled_setdedup for config updates works correctly, but_enabled_orderpreserves duplicates. This violates Invariant 2 documented in the class body (set(_enabled_order) is a subset of _strategies.keys()— the invariant implies it should behave like a set). Downstream code inlist_enabled()would return["a", "b", "a"], causing duplicate strategy execution.Fix: Either deduplicate while preserving order (
list(dict.fromkeys(names))) or raise on duplicates. Dedup-with-warning is probably safest for config-driven callers.File:
src/cleveragents/application/services/strategy_registry.py,set_enabled()method, near theself._enabled_order = list(names)assignment.P2:should-fix — PR body claims "40 BDD scenarios" but feature file has 55+
The PR description says "40 BDD scenarios" but
features/context_strategy_registry.featurecontains 55+ scenarios. The count is stale from an earlier draft. Not a code issue, but misleading for reviewers.P2:should-fix — Missing
__all__exports instrategy.pyandstrategy_stubs.pyThe domain model modules
strategy.pyandstrategy_stubs.pydon't declare__all__. Whilestrategy_registry.pyre-exports the key types, explicit__all__in each module is the project convention (per CONTRIBUTING.md § public API).Process notes
Priority/Highbut PR hasPriority/Low. Should match.mergeable: false). Rebase needed.REQUEST_CHANGESshould be dismissed since all items are addressed.Overall this is solid work — the registry design is clean, thread safety is well-handled, and the BDD coverage is thorough. The P1 duplicate-name issue is the only blocker.
@@ -0,0 +237,4 @@):raise StrategyRegistrationError(f"Module '{module_name}' is not in the allowed prefix list: "f"{self._allowed_module_prefixes}. Only modules under these "P1:must-fix —
set_enabled()does not validate for duplicate names in the input list.enabled_set = set(names)correctly deduplicates for the config-update loop, butself._enabled_order = list(names)preserves any duplicates from the caller. This violates Invariant 2 (set(_enabled_order)should behave like a proper set) and would causelist_enabled()to return duplicate entries, leading to duplicate strategy execution.Fix: Either
self._enabled_order = list(dict.fromkeys(names))to deduplicate while preserving order, or raiseValueErroron duplicate input. Deduplicate-with-warning is probably safest for config-driven callers.cf622c8cd6tob7effcafc1Response to @brent.edwards Review
Thanks for the review, Brent. All items addressed:
P1:
set_enabled()duplicate names — FixedChanged
self._enabled_order = list(names)toself._enabled_order = list(dict.fromkeys(names)), which deduplicates while preserving insertion order. Added BDD scenario "Set enabled list deduplicates duplicate names" that passes["simple-keyword", "arce", "simple-keyword"]and asserts the result is["simple-keyword", "arce"].P2: Stale scenario count in PR body — Fixed
Updated PR description from "40 BDD scenarios" to "73 BDD scenarios" and added mentions of thread safety tests, MappingProxyType validators, and other additions since the original draft.
P2: Missing
__all__— FixedAdded
__all__to bothstrategy.py(7 public symbols) andstrategy_stubs.py(8 public symbols, isort-sorted per RUF022).Process notes
fae438a7). Conflict inacms/__init__.pywas from the analyzer plugin PR — resolved by keeping both sides. PR is nowmergeable: true.Test count: 73 scenarios, 0 failed. Lint, typecheck clean.
Verification of @hamza.khyari Response (Round 2)
Checked out the branch locally and ran the full quality gate suite. Results below.
P1:
set_enabled()deduplication — VerifiedConfirmed
strategy_registry.pynow useslist(dict.fromkeys(names)). BDD scenario "Set enabled list deduplicates duplicate names" passes with the expected["simple-keyword", "arce"]output.P2:
__all__exports — Verifiedstrategy.py: 7 symbols in__all__strategy_stubs.py: 8 symbols in__all__ruff check --select RUF022passes clean on both files.P2: Scenario count — Minor discrepancy
PR body and response comment both state 73 BDD scenarios. Actual test run reports 72 scenarios passed, 0 failed (64 plain Scenarios + 2 Scenario Outlines expanding to 8 rows = 72). Off by one — likely a counting error in the PR description. Not blocking.
Quality gates
nox -s lintAll checks passed!nox -s typecheck0 errors, 0 warnings, 0 informationsnox -s unit_tests -- features/context_strategy_registry.featureVerdict
All code fixes from my original review are confirmed. The only remaining item is the 72 vs 73 scenario count in the PR body — please update the description to say "72" when convenient.
No blocking issues from my side. The stale
REQUEST_CHANGESfrom @CoreRasurae is the only remaining gate for merge.Approved by Claude Opus.